Sexual reproduction requires a special form of cell division, called meiosis. In sexual reproduction, a new individual is the result of the union of a female gamete and a male gamete. Each cell division produces two new daughter cells with the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent cell. In the circles on the right, diagram the chromosomes in telophase i after the cells have split. You will study and compare the stages of meiosis in males and females. It is essentially the same whether considering a simple plant or a highly evolved organism, such as a human being. In asexual reproduction, the new individuals are the product of mitosis. This lab explores the processes of mitosis and meiosis through both physical and mathematical modeling. Andersen uses chromosome beads to simulate both mitosis and meiosis. You must use the beads or clay to show the chromosomes. New cells are formed by karyokinesis the process in cell division that involves replication of the cells nucleus and cytokinesis the process in cell division that involves division of the cytoplasm. Meiotic prophase i is much longer that mitotic prophase.
The two processes are very difficult for some students to understand and especially when they are taught together in the same unit and they often are. Comparing mitosis and meiosis gulf coast state college. Feb 6, 2020 comparing mitosis and meiosis worksheet answers. The cell cycle diagram on the left shows that a cell division cycle consists of. There is no centromeric division during anaphase i. Assess the generation of genetic diversity due to the independent assortment of. During mitosis, chromosome movement and segregation are orchestrated by a specialized structure known as the mitotic spindle, composed of a bipolar array of microtubules. The following statements refer to events occurring during mitosis andor meiosis. How many chromosomes does each daughter cell have at the end. Relatively little is known, however, about the genesis of these errors or their fitness consequences.
Course hero has everything you need to master any concept and ace your next test from course notes, mitosis and meiosis study guides and expert tutors, available 247. How are mitosis and meiosis similar and how are they different from one another. This means that there are 20 sister chromatids at g2. While new cells are generated during mitosis, meiosis is a special type of. Compare mitosis and meiosis by completing the following table. Mitosis each duplicated chromosome appears as 2 sister chromatids joined together meiosis homologous chromosomes each composed of 2 sister chromosomes come together as pairs. Your observations section should be included with space for your anticipated observations, bu t it is blank at this point since you have not completed the lab. Mitosis meiosis in body cells in sex organs to produce sex cells. Ap biology lab manual meiosis lab required course content ist1.
This is where your prelab ends however when writing your formal lab report, you will then include the reaming sections. Meiosis provides a reduction division process that reduces chromosome number by half to make haploid 1n cells. The fundamental sequence of events in mitosis is the same as in meiosis in meiosis it happens twice. A brief discussion of gamete formation is also included. Comparing mitosis and meiosis mitosis is a conservative process that maintains the genetic status quo in contrast, meiosis generates combinatorial variation through independent assortment and crossingover recombination. Difference between mitosis and meiosis 32 differences. Methods in cell biology mitosis and meiosis part b. It is the process of coordinated chromosome replication prior to cell division. The chromosomes of daughter cells usually contain a mixture of maternal and paternal genes.
Lilly meiosis 1 lilly meiosis 2 lilly anther pollen grains to contain sperm cells lilly ovary to become egg cells or ova. Mitosis meiosis number of cells at beginning of process. The formation of male and female gametes in animal cells or spores in plant cells is by meiosis. Learning these events of both events are crucial since they make up important events of the cell cycle. Comparecontrast mitosis and meiosis flashcards quizlet. Start studying comparecontrast mitosis and meiosis. To identify the phases of meiosis in vertebrate ovary andor testis cells. Chromosomes condense and the centrosomes begin to form an early spindle. Both mitosis and meiosis are associated with cytokinesis. Division of the centromeres take place during anaphase.
The following is a stepbystep photographic guide to a simple classroom activity on meiosis that utilizes inexpensive supplies pipe cleaners, interlocking beads and string. Students will complete up to step four in the reebop lab. In mitosis, prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase occur once. Comparing mitosis and meiosis use the diagram above to answer the questions mitosis. The first day would consist of a brief class discussion introducing inheritance and connecting it to meiosis. Meiosis produces four cells, each with half the chromosomes of the original one. In this lab activity the students will discover the critical differences between mitosis and meiosis, and possible misunderstanding about the two processes by. G describe similarities and or differences between the phases and outcomes of mitosis and meiosis. Meiosis 1 has prophase 1, metaphase 1, anaphase 1, and telophase 1, while meiosis 2 has prophase 2, metaphase 2, anaphase 2, and telophase 2. Cancer is a disease related to uncontrolled cell division. They will begin by comparing and contrasting it with mitosis a commonly confused process and move into modeling meiosis in a handson activity. The genetic constitution of the daughter cells differs from that of the parent cell. Investigate two known causes for these rapidly dividing cells and use this knowledge to invent a drug that would inhibit the growth of cancer cells.
Discriminate between specific events in the phases of mitosis and meiosis one. To describe how cytokinesis is different in plant and animal cells. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Fill out the chart comparing meiosis and mitosis, and then. Number of cells produced, type of cell produced, which type of reproduction, number of chromosomes produced, genetic crossing over, etc.
Mitosis is an essential process that takes place in all eukaryotes and involves the equal division of genetic material from a parental cell into two identical daughter cells. Formation of an adult organism from a fertilized egg, asexual reproduction. Comparing mitosis and meiosis lab flashcards quizlet. Identify plant and animal cells in each stage of mitosis. Number of chromosomes before cell begins to divide 4 4 3.
Meiosis and mitosis lab conclusion meiosis and mitosis. How many chromosomes does the parent cell have to start. The resulting structure, consisting of four chromatids, is called a tetrad. The end result of both are daughter cells produced from a parent cell. In meiosis, what is the difference between metaphase 1 and metaphase 2. To describe differences between mitosis and meiosis. The prelab also includes your materials and procedure sections. For each statement, decide if the event oc curs in a mitosis only, b meiosis only, or c both mitosis and meiosis. After each statement, type the words mitosis, meiosis or both. This short 12 page handout is just what you need to quickly assess student understanding of mitosis and meiosis. Type of cell undergoing reproduction gamete body cell 2. Mitosis and meiosis background information mitosis mitosis is the next phase of the cell cycle. Table comparing mitosis and meiosis mitosis meiosis number of divisions one two number of cells produced 2 4 tetrad chromosome sets n 1n. Student answers should include the following points.
Pearson, as an active contributor to the biology learning community, is pleased to provide free access to the classic edition of the biology place to all educators and their students. Mitosis and meiosis comparison chart, video and pictures. Include bloopers slides showing nondisjunction and translocation. Comparing mitosis and meiosis visit the pbs program novas useful how cells divide site. In meiosis, prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase occur twice. Carefully read each window before advancing to the next. Selection file type icon file name description size revision time user.
Mitosis and meiosis are both processes by which cells reproduce, but there. Meiosis and mitosis lab conclusion the meiosis and mitosis lab involved fully understanding the processes of mitosis and meiosis through the use of models. Comparing mitosis and meiosis determine whether the following characteristics apply to mitosis, meiosis or both. Comparing mitosis and meiosis the university of arizona. Mitosis typically results in new somatic body cells, with the same complement of chromosomes as the parent cell 2n. It also helped us identify ways these processes could go wrong and lead to defects or diseases such as mutations, cancer, and diseases. Table 1 and 2 highlights the main differences between meiosis and mitosis. Meiosis while asexual reproduction in multicellular organisms is accomplished through mitosis. D if sperm, which is a product of meiosis, contains 5 chromosomes, the normal animal cell contains 10 chromosomes. To identify the phases of mitosis in root tip cells and vertebrate blastula cells. The resulting organism would have twice the normal number of chromosomes.
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